01382nas a2200145   4500008004100000022001400041245015300055210006900208300001200277490000700289520085300296100002401149700002001173856004301193       2007                        eng d  a1070-942800aThe male of Megachile nivalis Friese, with an updated key to members of the subgenus Megachile s. str. (Hymenoptera : Megachilidae) in North America0 amale of Megachile nivalis Friese with an updated key to members   a178-1910 v163 a{The previously unknown male of Megachile nivalis Friese is described. Males of this species are very similar to those of M. relativa Cresson and because of geographic overlap of the two species, many male specimens presently identified as M. relativa within collections may actually be M. nivalis. An identification key and illustrations of mandibles are provided for females and males of the subgenus Megachile s. str. of North America. Images of genitalia, selected sterna, the lower genal area, clypeus, and forewings for males of both M. relativa and M. nivalis are also provided for comparison and to facilitate differentiation of the two species. A tabular summary is also provided for species of Megachile in North America that are known from only one sex to encourage the search for possible additional synonyms or hitherto unknown sexes.}1 aSheffield, Cory, S.1 aWestby, Sue, M.  uhttps://apoidea.myspecies.info/node/8502280nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001400041245011200055210006900167300001200236490000800248520172400256100002401980700002002004700002202024700002102046856004302067       2008                        eng d  a0008-347X00aPotential of bigleaf lupine for building and sustaining Osmia lignaria populations for pollination of apple0 aPotential of bigleaf lupine for building and sustaining Osmia li  a589-5990 v1403 aBees of the genus Osmia Panzer (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) are among the contenders to replace honey bees, Apis mellifera L. (Apidae), for pollinating tree-fruit crops. One species, Osmia lignaria Say, has shown great potential in western North America and was recently introduced into Nova Scotia for evaluation as a pollinator of apple, Malus Mill. (Rosaceae). A major component of that study was to develop management options for O. lignaria, including methods of sustaining nesting females following crop flowering to maximize Population recovery for pollination in subsequent seasons. The objective of this study was to evaluate bigleaf lupine, Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl. (Fabaceae), as a secondary food plant for nesting female O. lignaria by investigating nesting activity, pollen-Use patterns, and fecundity. During 2002-2003, female O. lignaria collected high proportions of apple pollen (>70%) during mid and late flowering; after then, most pollen (>90%) was collected from bigleaf lupine. The flowering period Of lupine in Nova Scotia (late May to early July) slightly overlapped that of apple, so there was no scarcity of pollen resources during the life-span of O. lignaria. Most nests typically showed high levels (<= 200%) of population growth, but recorded levels varied among nest types and locations. In 2004, nests closer to lupine plots exhibited significantly greater population recovery than nests located farther away (i.e., approximately 600 m). Bigleaf lupine is a suitable plant species for meeting the pollen requirements of nesting populations of O. lignaria following apple flowering, thus promoting the recovery of populations to meet apple pollination requirements in subsequent seasons.1 aSheffield, Cory, S.1 aWestby, Sue, M.1 aSmith, Robert, F.1 aKevan, Peter, G.  uhttps://apoidea.myspecies.info/node/7402111nas a2200133   4500008004100000022001600041245016300057210006900220300001200289490000700301520160200308100002401910856004301934       2008                        eng d  a{0022-8567}00aSummer bees for spring crops? Potential problems with Megachile rotundata (Fab.) (Hymenoptera : Megachilidae) as a pollinator of lowbush blueberry (Ericaceae)0 aSummer bees for spring crops Potential problems with Megachile r  a276-2870 v813 aThe alfalfa leafcutter bee, Megachile rotundata (Fab.) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), was introduced into the lowbush blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium and V. myrtilloides (Ericaceae), agro-ecosystems of Atlantic Canada and the state of Maine in the early 1990’s. As a managed pollinator of this crop, this typical ‘‘summer-active’’ bee is released approximately one month earlier than for alfalfa pollination and therefore is exposed to a different set of climatological conditions, primarily night time temperatures which can reach as low as -8 degrees C during flowering. The objectives of this study were to investigate aspects of cold-hardiness in post-diapausing M. rotundata, and to determine the potential effects of subzero temperatures on adult females through studies of supercooling capacity and survival at low temperatures. Post-diapausing M. rotundata maintain a supercooling capacity below -23 degrees C until pupation, after which all developmental stages freeze between -15 degrees C and -17 degrees C. Fed and unfed adult females show significant differences in their supercooling capacity; -8 degrees C and -16 degrees C, respectively. Bees which have fed showed very little susceptibility to temperatures above -5 degrees C, but mortality significantly increased at -10 degrees C, and was 100% at -15 degrees C. As such, M. rotundata populations are likely susceptible to unusually cool night time temperatures when used for lowbush blueberry pollination. The implications of earlier release times on bee biology and population recovery for pollination are discussed.1 aSheffield, Cory, S.  uhttps://apoidea.myspecies.info/node/7601941nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245014600055210006900201260001200270300001200282490000800294520132700302100002401629700002101653700002001674700002201694856004301716       2007                        eng d  a0008-347X00aDiversity of cavity-nesting bees (Hymenoptera : Apoidea) within apple orchards and wild habitats in the Annapolis Valley, Nova Scotia, Canada0 aDiversity of cavitynesting bees Hymenoptera Apoidea within apple  cMAR-APR  a235-2490 v1403 aSolitary cavity-nesting bees, especially trap-nesting Megachilidae, have great potential as commercial pollinators. A few species have been developed for crop pollination, but the diversity, abundance, and potential pollination contributions of native cavity-nesting bees within agricultural systems have seldom been assessed. Our objectives were to compare the diversity and fecundity of cavity-nesting bees in Nova Scotia in natural ecosystems with those in apple orchards under three levels of management, using trap nests, and to determine whether any native bees show promise for development as pollinators. Our results show that species richness and numbers of bees reared from trap nests in commercially managed orchards, abandoned orchards, and natural habitats were similar, and species’ compositional patterns were not unique to specific habitats. Trap nests can be used to increase and maintain cavity-nesting bee populations within Nova Scotia apple orchards. Osmia tersula Cockerell (Megachilidae), which accounted for almost 45% of all bees captured and was the most abundant species nesting in all habitats evaluated, should be assessed for potential as a commercial pollinator of spring-flowering crops. The influence of natural cavities on bee species richness in trap-nesting surveys is also discussed.1 aSheffield, Cory, S.1 aKevan, Peter, G.1 aWestby, Sue, M.1 aSmith, Robert, F.  uhttps://apoidea.myspecies.info/node/7701198nas a2200145   4500008004100000022001400041245012700055210006900182300001000251490000700261520070000268100001700968700002400985856004301009       2009                        eng d  a0022-856700aRapid Range Expansion of the Wool-Carder Bee, Anthidium manicatum (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), in North America0 aRapid Range Expansion of the WoolCarder Bee Anthidium manicatum   a21-290 v823 aAnthidium manicatum (L.) is an adventive species of European origin first recorded in North America in the late 1960’s; from that point until 2001 its range on the continent was restricted to the northeast-central USA and central Canada (Ontario, more recently Quebec). In 2005, this species was reported from Nova Scotia, a rapid and wide increase in its distribution. In this paper, we document a similar rapid spread of A. manicatum into western North America, including British Columbia and Idaho, and discuss the potential risks of this species in eastern Canada. In addition, the potential of DNA barcoding as a rapid and reliable means of recognizing adventive bee species is advocated.1 aGibbs, Jason1 aSheffield, Cory, S.  uhttps://apoidea.myspecies.info/node/6300659nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245008400055210006900139260001200208300000900220490000900229653001100238653001800249653001400267653001300281653001300294100001500307700002200322700002400344700001800368856004300386       2010                        eng d  a1175-532600aNew synonymies in the bee genus Nomada from North America (Hymenoptera: Apidae)0 aNew synonymies in the bee genus Nomada from North America Hymeno  c10/2010  a1-320 v266110aAPIDAE10aDNA barcoding10aNomadinae10aNomadini10ataxonomy1 aDroege, S.1 aRightmyer, M., G.1 aSheffield, Cory, S.1 aBrady, S., G.  uhttps://apoidea.myspecies.info/node/3601526nas a2200193   4500008004100000022001400041245015700055210006900212260001100281300001000292520087500302653002001177653001701197653001301214653001701227100002201244700002401266856004201290       2011                        eng d  a1175-532600aMorphological and molecular delineation of a new species in the Ceratina dupla species-group (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopinae) of eastern North America0 aMorphological and molecular delineation of a new species in the   cMAY 10  a35-503 aDNA barcoding is used to verify characters to morphologically differentiate genetically distinct species of eastern North American small carpenter bees, Ceratina. Here we reveal that the common eastern North American species, Ceratina dupla s. l., is actually three separate species based on fixed differences in DNA barcode sequences and morphological characters. This study adds a new species, C. mikmaqi Rehan & Sheffield, to the Ceratina dupla species-group of eastern North America, and raises another form, C. floridana formerly C. dupla floridana, to full species. Temporal niche partitioning between C. dupla and C. mikmaqi and geographic isolation of C. floridana further support the division of the C. dupla s. l. group into three species. A diagnosis and description of the new species are provided, as is a key for eastern North American species of Ceratina.10aCryptic species10aDNA barcodes10ataxonomy10aZadontomerus1 aRehan, Sandra, M.1 aSheffield, Cory, S.  uhttps://apoidea.myspecies.info/node/8